Beadwork Toran from Saurashtra, Gujarat, India

Among the desert communities in the state of Gujarat, these vibrant embroidered door hangings are suspended over the entrance to homes and important rooms. They serve as signs of welcome, but also play an important ritual role due to their ancient and sacred origins.

In India, the word “Toran” refers to different objects with similar functions. Architectural gateways in temples and stupas are called “Torana,” for example. The pendants are important components of a Toran because they have a protective function. In some cultures, the tooth-like and tongue-like zigzag row of pendants is perceived as a protective barrier, somewhat like sticking out one’s tongue at the devil. In addition to embroidered motifs like flowers and animals, mirrors are a significant element. Their dazzling surfaces deflect the evil eye, which would otherwise destroy fertility and bring misfortune.

The Toran has always played an important part in women’s dowries. Many communities in Gujarat hang an old Toran on the main entrance throughout the year for protection, and a new one is hung for Diwali and weddings.

Beadwork, the art of stringing beads without using a fabric base, is locally known as “Moti Bharat”. It was introduced to Gujarat in the 19th century by merchants who imported Venetian glass beads. The basic method of work is a tri-bead system, worked row by row

Toran of the Kathi caste from Saurashtra, IV Quarter 20th. century

Size 0,53 x 0,31

All handmade, Cotton with silk floss